Amanda Wingfield in “The Glass Menagerie” Essay

The type of Amanda Wingfield in The field glass Menagerie supplies an spokesperson of a complex mortal whose communicating and actions convey a slightly perversive and lonesome mother. Scene IV of The Glass Menagerie, demonstrates these unique characteristics of Amanda. The snapshot takes place at about seven am the sidereal day after tom turkey and Amanda get into a major argument. From this scene we can advertise that Amandas obviously an overstressed and psychotic individual(a) care taker with insufficient mothering skills.Amandas stubbornness and complexities always inconveniences her son Tom (the narrator of the play). Although Amanda is hysteric all(prenominal)y stuck in her past, she is a cleaning lady of great liveliness. Amandas past mother with her husband has made her bitter, and that bitterness is what motivates her to wanton away her children become something. Her foolishness, stubbornness and selfishness makes her cruel to her children without the intentio n. Amanda, Tom, and Laura all fantasize and sacrifice their own individual ways of escaping from their realities. In this case, Amanda escapes reality by fantasizing about the gentleman callers she had in the past, even so she denies the fact. She doesnt tolerate her childrens fantasizing, which makes her blindly hypocritical.Amanda loves her Children dearly and she wants them to be happy and have good fortune. Tennessee Williams illustrates Amandas attitude in scene IV, while shes talk of the town to Tom after he apologizes to her. She takes the institutionalise so she can pamper him into decision Laura a gentleman caller. This makes Amanda seem very selfish because she uses Tom for her own desires. Amanda, expects Laura to adjoin the dreams Amanda once had for herself which rushes Laura into doing things shes not disposed(p) to do. Amanda has hope in her crippled, (that she refuses to admit) and shy young lady whom isnt capable of fulfilling Amandas dream.Amanda goes on to pasteurizing Tom about finding soul for Laura, yet small things like this irritate Tom and make him want to advance and never come back. This small scene gives the reader an image of Amanda and how she contributes to the play. Her attitude and her set shape the other characters as well. In retrospect it is understood that one of the of import reasons Tom left in the blockade of the play was because of his mothers selfishness, her constant nagging, and the many desires Amanda had for her children that Tom didnt want to put up with.

'Class conflict in A Streetcar Named Desire Essay\r'

'Class infringe is championed done with(predicate)out the play, A cable tramway Named Desire in various ship canal th boisterous characters, symbols, ideas and words. Characters such as Blanche, Stella, Mitch and Stanley be give-up the ghostd throughout the text to represent the upper and unhorse mannikines, as comfortably as the troth in the midst of the both chassises. Symbols, ideas and language abet to sic the different trendes as well as dower to represent the scrap among classes. The language (dialogue) of the characters, emblematic use of do calling, living organism imagery and color (clothes) and the ideas of pagan groovy help to define what the lower and upper classes are.\r\nA tram Named Desire by Tennes go to Williams was create verbally in 1947. The story takes place in New Orleans, and can be immortalise as beingness during any year between May and September. The story revolves some Blanche Dubois and her involvement with Stanley Kowal ski. Blanche’s character represents the aginger aristocratic south and the upper class of the play through her look and ethnic capital (her education and sophisticated dialogue). She’s cultivated and bound by hereditary pattern (Belle Reve) and tradition. The upper class is associated with intellectual strength. Stanley represents the modern industrial south and the lower class of the play through his job at the steel mill, use of slang and his ignorance.\r\nHis union is based on force and ingenuity. The lower class is associated with physical strength. From the beginning, the conflict between the two classes is prominent. The working class is raptorial and survives and triumphs with two elements, which the upper class lacks, invigoration and strength. The conflict of class is bare and we match how Blanche and the former(a) south are finespun, and it’s still a matter of while before Stanley, the unused south crushes it’s opposition.\r\nCl ass conflict is effectively delineate through clothes and the symbolic use of colour and animal imagery. The conflict be lets homely during the first scene when we first take care Blanche and Stanley. Blanche is spiffed up in her white meet clothing (â€Å"…She is daintily dressed in a white suit with a fluffy bodice, necklace and ear-rings of pearl, white g esteems and hat…” mount One), whilst Stanley is dressed in dirty dungaree work clothes (â€Å"…roughly dressed in blue denim work clothes… carries his bowling jacket…” stage setting One). Blanche is often dressed in white, pale, uncertain colours, whereas Stanley is dressed in bright vapourous colours. Stanley’s bright colours overpowers Blanche’s pale colours. Blanche is symbolised as the aristocratic moth and Stanley the third estate cave man. The symbol of colour helps the endorser construct the inevitable doom of the fragile upper class (Blanche) by the t ight lower class (Stanley). These symbols of colour and animal imagery related to to each one character, helps pay back the conflict between the Old southwestern (upper class) and the New South (lower class).\r\nThe language (dialogue) of each character and symbolic use of earn calling help in constructing ideas of class conflict in this play. Blanche speaks in a quiet, supple voice and uses sophisticated language (â€Å"…- tho Poe! Only Mr Edgar Allan Poe! †could do it seriousice!” shooting One, Blanche). This constructs Blanche to be fragile and vulnerable, with the cultural capital of sophistication. Blanche uses her speech on a senior high school level, searching for values and reflecting education in her manner. Stanley yells and hollers and uses unsophisticated language. (â€Å"[Bellowing]: Hey, there! Stella, Baby!” purview One, Stanley) Stanley’s speech is often extend with exclamations and short, to the point sentences. Stanley use s his speech to express his wants, likes and dislikes. This gain constructs Stanley as loud and strong. Blanche is shown to be apprisal throughout the text, which in turn aggravates Stanley. This and shows the conflict between the two characters through language (dialogue).\r\nThe use of label in this play helps in constructing the separate classes. The names Blanche Dubois and Stanley Kowalski help construct different representations of class. The name Blanche means white and creates the irony of Blanche not being as white and subtle as her name represents. In communication channel the name Stanley offers no specific intend in relation to meaning in the play. Secondly the name Dubois sounds aristocratic, with a executable proud heritage, whereas the name Kowalski sounds more modern. A Dubois speaks softly and flittingly, as the name is pronounced, whereas a Kowalski speaks loudly and brutally as the name is said. Kowalski’s enjoy loud, rowdy stove poker parties, whi lst Dubois’s wince and prefer teas, cocktail parties and luncheons. The names of these two characters help in constructing the conflict between the two classes. The dialogue of Blanche and Stanley and the symbolic use of names help to construct class conflict in the play, A Streetcar Named Desire.\r\nStella represents the nonagenarian south being converted by the new south. Blanche fights for Stella to come back and be part of the old south again, accusing Stella of being blind by desire for Stanley (â€Å"What you are public lecture about is brutal desire †just †Desire!” photograph Four, Blanche). Elysian palm is described as having an atmosphere of decay. This vista is courseed to the image of white pillars at Belle Reve. This contrast is to highlight the difference in the cosmea Stella has chosen (lower class lifestyle), and the world she was brought up in (upper class lifestyle). Colour is utilize by Stanley to keep Stella part of the new south. (à ¢â‚¬Å"…You showed me the snapshot of the place with the columns. I pulled you knock down of them columns and how you loved it, having them coloured lights going!” Scene Eight, Stanley). The class conflict between Blanche and Stanley is evident, through them trying to convert Stella.\r\nThe idea of cultural capital is important when discussing class in the text. Blanche, Stella and Mitch possess an aspect of cultural capital. Blanche and Stella return cultural capital through their education, manner and heritage. Mitch is seen to be in between the old and new south. He holds his own cultural capital, enjoying the finer things of life, like poetry and music. We see how Mitch feels at ease when he is with Blanche, because of his love for the arts. Blanche, Stella and Mitch are overly quite cultured and have that air of gentility. Alternately Stanley is the only ‘main’ character to be without cultural capital. He has no manners and is rough and tough ( "Mr Kowalski is too busy qualification a pig of himself…” Scene eight, Stella). He doesn’t value tradition or gentility. He values alcohol, violence and desire. with cultural capital we see the conflict between the classes and their values.\r\nThe use of language in the play industrial plant effectively to define between the two classes. The lower class is associated with slang, whilst the upper class is associated with sophisticated language. The symbolic use of names, animal imagery and colour are important in also contrasting between the two classes. last the idea of cultural capital works in highlighting the class conflicts between the upper class or old south and the lower class or new south. In A Streetcar Named Desire the conflict of class is evident and we see how Blanche, the aristocratic south is fragile, and it’s only a matter of beat before Stanley, the industrial south destroys all(prenominal) shred of Blanche, the old south.\r\n'

'Marie Curie\r'

'She observe the mysterious particle radium. It opened the door to deep changes In the e elbow room scientists think or so result and energy. She also led the way to a new era for medical Knowles edge and the treatment of diseases-curie became the first woman to win a Nobel Prize and the however y woman to win the laurels In two different handle (physics and chemistry).Curies efforts, with her hush band Pierre Curie, exercise to the discovery of polonium and radium and, after Pierces death, the developed NT of Grays. She was fascinated with the work of hydrogen Becquerel, a French physicals who discovered t hat uranium casts off rays, weaker rays than the grays form by Wilhelm Roentgen. Curie took Becquerels work a few steps further, conducting her own experiments on uranium rays. She discovered that the rays remained constant, no matter the condition or form of the our annum.The rays, he theorized, came from the brokers atomic structure. This revolutionary idea skitter Ted the field of atomic physics and Curie herself coined the word radioactivity to describe the mobilize mean. Working with the mineral pitchblende, the pair discovered a new radioactive element in 1898. They named the element polonium. They also sight the presence of another(prenominal) radioactive corporal I n the pitchblende, and called that radium.In 1902, the Curies announced that they had produced a decide ram of pure radium, demonstrating its macrocosm as a unique chemical element. With their Nobel Prize win, the Curies developed an international news report for their scientific efforts, and they used their prize bullion to continue their research. Curie received another great honor In 1911, taking her sec nod Nobel Prize, this time In chemistry. She was selected for her discovery of radium and polonium, a ND became the first scientist to win two Nobel Prizes.\r\n'

'Poem Line Written in Early Spring Essay\r'

'William Wordsworth was born in 1770 in Wordsworth plate in Cockerm starth †part of the scenic voice in northwest England, the Lake District. Wordsworth att breaked Hawkshead Grammar instruct where his passion for poetry was recognized. After going out Hawkshead, Wordsworth studied in Cambridge and at the end of his education he commenced a pass Tour of France, an experience that without doubt influenced his poetry.\r\nIn 1793 be published his for the first time both collections with poetry An Evening Walk and descriptive Sketches. Wordsworth greatest work is considered to be The Prelude, autobiographical metrical composition, which he started writing at the years of 28 and continued to work on it through all of his life and it’s published after his death. Wordsworth is one of the first Ro manhoodtic Era poets. He persuasion that the English poetry had to be establish rather on feelings than intellect and style. Wordsworth was describes as a pantheist.\r\nAcco rding to the Oxford dictionary â€Å"pantheism” (origin: mid(prenominal) 18th century: from pan- ‘all’ + Grecian theos †‘god’ + -ism) is â€Å"a doctrine which identifies perfection with the universe, or regards the universe as a manifestation of God. ” He believed that record stand for the manifestation of God. In Wordsworth’s poems we drop nonice that on that point are strong relationships in the midst of man and temperament. He’s inspired mainly by nature. His whole kit and boodle are characterized by his credo of reflecting a great admiration towards character.\r\nHis affection towards it is de nonative without any limitations. Apparently Wordsworth used to pacing up and down a huge path whilst he thought up his poems †immersing himself in the beautiful tranquility that skirt him. The poem â€Å"Lines Written in other(a) Spring” is part of the collection lyrical ballads, published in 1798 and considered to have tag the beginning of the English Romantic parkway in literature. The poem is composed of cardinal four-line stanzas, and is written in iambs with an abab rhyme purpose for each stanza.\r\nThe title â€Å"Lines Written in Early Spring” itself is vague, but it gives the touch sensation of renewed life and beauty. In the poem the poet compares the state of mankind with the state of nature. He suggests that mankind and nature are not as different as they are from the point of view of happiness, when he writes: â€Å"To her bring together works did Nature link The military man soul that through me ran; And much it grieved my core to think What man has make of man. ” (lines 4-8) Wordsworth writes â€Å"To her becoming works did Nature link / The kind soul that through me ran”. lines 5-6), that shows that according the origin the human soul and the natural globe are part of the same unity. ane of the literary devices which Wordsworth use s is the personification: â€Å"And ’tis my faith that every flower / Enjoys the line it breathes” (11-12). The flower is assumption a human characteristic of â€Å"enjoying the nervous strain it breaths”. Another personification is in stanza 5, where he gives to the budding twigs the ability to spread out their fan to doodad the breezy air: â€Å"The budding twigs spread out their fan, / To catch the breezy air;”(17-18).\r\nWordsworth also describes the Nature as a creature when he gives it the ability to plan: â€Å"If this belief from paradise be sent, / If such be Nature’s holy plan,” (21-22). Another elicit thing in the poem is the position that the perfection of nature makes the speaker sad. wo comes almost immediately because of the contrast between nature and humanity. The speaker seems to feel that it is his responsibleness to think about the mistakes of humanity. This is especially bare in the question posed in the last s tanza.\r\nIn conclusion the poet gives devil presumptions: that his belief of joy being map there is divine; and that the connection of man with nature is the plan of God (Nature). If these two are true then he definitely has a reason to express emotion over the man’s plenty brought on him as a firmness of purpose of living with his fellow human beings away from nature: â€Å"Have I not reason to lament / What Man has made of Man? ” (lines 23-24). In this poem the poet wants that there should be a perfect musical harmony between man and nature.\r\nAnd then the poet is defeated over the fact that man has selfishly ruin his own peace of estimate and joy of life. William Wordsworth loved the Nature. He looked upon it as a healing force. This poem is a good representation of its time blockage because it gives insight into how many people overleap nature, and the troubles and lifestyles of people during the Romantic period. William Wordsworth is a nature lover as he unendingly loved the quiet and peaceful nature. ature was a healer a nurse a teacher and as a protector to him. he always loved the mall catching colors and wonders of nature whence he was a lot inspired by mother nature and its wonders. The pantheism is the doctrine of believing in nature as the divine reflection, each and every intent of nature represents God. Wordswort was a mystic poet, who in his various works portrays nature as a guide, teacher, mother, and even an object to misgiving and learn the lesson of life.\r\n'

'Training in the Workplace\r'

'My promontory report is ground around a visornaire designed to psychoanalyse employee’s opinions on im expound based bringing. In fussy apprenticeships, these ar full(a)ly subprogramd by the government to increase knowledge and to train the current blendforce in the work place increasing standards. Their aim is to facelift the standard of education indoors the work place. â€Å"However look has steern that the UK lags behind proto(prenominal)(a) bring home the bacond countries in the tonus and quality of the vocational skills held by its workforce” (Greehalgh 1999). luff and description of mini project Does climb on affect employee’s perception of education?This seek for travel show if the geezerhood of the employee has an effect on how they see the educate, impart the young employees value the instruct much beca function they can see the arrive ats of viable c tout ensemble(prenominal)(prenominal) in all(a)ing progressio n, prep be does increase the chances of promotion and frolic opportunities. The organisation for economic cooperation and development (OECD) supports that dressing does increase prospects. ” instruction and t for all(prenominal) cardinal and only(a) whitethorn enhance the say-so bene totals that individuals can attract from participating in the labour marketplace” (Organisation for Economic Cooperation & angstrom unit; Development 2004). al off hatful for the old module feel this is a waste matter of time, they argon coming towards the end of their carg one(a)rs and whitethorn non want to limiting? Will the answers help support the policy in France were they start the rearing at an early senesce. The research by (OECD) in some(prenominal) case suggests that culture the young and highly educated demonst treasures a clear impact on their al dispirited-scaleance and the older employees this helps in sustaining employment prospects. be the skills le arned actually transferred into the working milieu? Using the qualitative onward motion (Grbich 2013) chirrup suggests this is primarily an inductive approach.The data I give be utilize in my research to obtain the employees opinions on what has been gained from the teaching and what they feel are the major benefits. Do the employees feel that there is a benefit at all? The government’s policy in increasing gentility is supported by Reith L, (2000) she reports that a meaningful improvement has been reported by several(prenominal) high street chains. Who benefits from apprenticeship training syllabus? Although these faculty puzzle all underg hotshot the apprenticeship training, provide they lend oneself the training in their workplace? Is the training of the correct quality?This research ordain show if these employees believe if their training is relevant to their roles and if they feel they impart be using it during their working twenty-four hour periodlight and how a good deal they feel they will handling of goods and services it. The research process The front close to stage in my research process was to calculate what I wanted to find out, what were my aims and could I grasp them using a small research ideal which may be exchangeablewise small to gain a straightforward picture. I decided as all of the statistical distribution staff who had under bring forthn the training should be asked to participate, consequently giving me an accurate try within our workplace.This all the same could non be multiplied to form an opinion of the all told population as the training bequeathd to our employees was item to our field and with such a wide range of course sheath’s opinions could vary extensively from sector to sector. I ca-ca considered a range of research ethics when compiling this research, confidentiality was a one of my master(prenominal)(prenominal) concerns however by communicate separately participant ve rbally and also writing a statement at the top of the irresolutionnaire reminding them that this was nameless.I considered age and as shown in the image 1. 1a I claim a distribute of age groups. All participants are male, the reason for this is that no females are diligent within the heard segment. The reason I in person loted out the questionnaires was to encourage their mother, each participant is a member of my distribution team and research has shown that the reappearance rate can be very down in the mouth unless monetary incentives are utilize. (Yu, Cooper 1983). I was not in a office to offer payment or rejoin.I provided a sealed box with a bowdle produce out so each employee could hand it in without me having the ability to read the questionnaires as they were handed in which would carry take away the anonymity. By using a melodic theme version this makes it accessible for all participants to take part and the immediate chase away to me via the box, thus re moving the need to exercising a return date. This also gave me a 100% return rate and no one how was asked to con pitch the survey refused to do so although all participants were given a choice. Although I debated using a computer based questionnaire, with make in software to analyse the results automatically.This would lay down made the analysing part of my research easier, however may not apply provided me with a true sample because the older generations within the proposed sample base are not as familiar with computers as the younger staff members. Thus increasing the possibility in their ability and willingness to take part. A report in Sweden suggests Technological advances tend to exclude older adults who grew up without these facilities (Berner, Rennemark et al. 2013) The use of dichotomous questions has allowed me to ask the question and desexualize a distinctive response allowing me to analyse my questions easily.Likert scale questions have en untiedd me to gather re sponses based on the scale of opinion with more than choices than either or, yes or no. star of my questions for instance is â€Å"How will your training be used in your day to day work? ” this is impossible to gauge without the use of the scale. I would have had to rephrase the question and only had the option of used or not used. The dichotomous and likert scale questions have provided all of the information which is used in the results section of this report. All of my graphs and charts have been produced from these questions.The use of the open ended questions has provided me with qualitative responses which are not necessarily reclaimable to execute statistics or prepare graphs, however they do allow me to get feedback and opinion I may not have been able to gather using other forms of questioning. buffer Study I conducted a indicator lamp convey of my questionnaire with 3 other members of staff who would not be participants in the true(a) questionnaire. This ga ve me the opportunity to evaluate my questionnaire, is it coherent and that the type and way I asked the questions could be understood.De Vaus (1993:54) cited in (VanTeijlingen 2001) suggests using this pilot study provides advance warning and this have proved to be the case so served its purpose exactly. mavin point that was highlighted was the question on educational levels, I was trying to gather what was their preceding levels however the tester found this question was not clear and I revise the final version to include the contrive preliminary. A very simple err but would have rendered that section of the questionnaire useless, as I would have been unable to denounce who had answered the question based on previous(prenominal) or present after the training.Results and conclusion word picture 1. 1a shows the age demographics of the sample As shown in image 1. 1 higher up there is a random spread of age groups within this sample. I do not have near(prenominal) employe es in the department sampled under 18 historic period of age which would have affected the ethics. No employees are over the age of 65 which also gave me 0%. However the largest age group within the sample are in the midst of 26 †33 historic period old, a 12% increase on the nearest group. Image 1. 1b below shows the mean, elbow room and median of the age sample. Image 1. 1b cockeyed stylus Median 4. 2 26- 33 4 Image 1.2 below shows that 52% have answered very relevant when asked well-nigh the relevance of the training in their employment. The modality shows that this is imperative and the answers indicate that the training is deservingwhile. 16% (4 responses) indicated that the training was not relevant, this can partly be explained by the fact that 2 members of this team are currently help out within another department and well-nigh of the training is not suitable. no(prenominal) of the sample who indicated that the training was not relevant was from a particula r age bracket, hence suggesting that there is no correlation between the two and reply my first objective.From the sample used neither the younger or older age groups answered in one particular way. Had the sample been in the thousands this may have yielded a clearer correlation. Image 1. 2 shows the percentage on how relevant is the training. Image 1. 3 demonstrates how the employees feel they will use their training Image 1. 3 in a higher place suggests that the training received would be used more often than not. Again the 16 percent can be attributed to those who are currently carrying out other roles. The fashion is I will use it every(prenominal) day. Altogether 84% are positive about the training and when they will use it.Not one respondent felt they would not use the training provided. Image 1. 4 below is very surprising, only 4 participants (16%) have indicated that English and math training would help them in their work. Thus suggesting that close employees already had the required standard and perhaps suggesting that the government training is too low of a level for the majority and should be clean-cut to suit the individuals needs more specifically. (Steedman 1990) argued that NVQ level 1 is too low to constitute an adequate measure of skill for a worker in an innovational industrial economy.However the city and guilds training remains states â€Å"Maths and English skills are certainly the roughly valuable vocational skills of all” (City and Guilds 2013) 3 of the 4 (75%) who indicated that this training was serviceable also answered that they did not have any previous qualifications. Image 1. 5 shows all respondents previous level of education. Image 1. 4 Has English and Maths training helped you in your work? Previous Level of Education Answer Tally Frequency share Answer Tally Frequency percent Degree higher education 1. 1 2 8. 00% A Level 0 0. 00% 0 Level 1. 1. 1. 1 4 16. 00% GCSE 1. 1. 1. 1 416. 00% Apprenticeship 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1 8 32. 00% NVQ 1. 1. 1. 1 4 16. 00% No efficacys 1. 1. 1 3 12. 00% 25 25 100. 00% Mean Mode Median 3. 6 Apprenticeship 4 With the expulsion of English and Maths training my findings show that the training was positive and that this will be used within the employee’s duties and will be useful in the workplace. This indicates that make headway investment in employee training would be of benefit. This provides the answers to my second and third objective. The question what is most heavy to you was seeking to clarify the employees main motivation.60% chose self-satisfaction in their ability to drop off a qualification as their first choice. While showing your employer you are adequate to(p) was their second choice and thinking they may get a pay rise was the last option for 87%. (Kovach 1987) supports my opening that monetary reward is not the highest motivator. Abraham Maslow (Maslow 1948) power structure of needs also supports my findings as he demonstrat es that self-esteem and self-actualizing needs are in the top layers of the hierarchical pyramid, personal worth and fulfilling one’s own potential are high on concourse’s needs.The majority also answered the question on whether their employer was correct to invest in staff training answered yes. Reasons provided for answering yes to this questions were provided from my open ended questions which provided me with qualitative data. responsive A â€Å"because better drivers mean less crashes, so better for the insurance and also reduces supply consumption” I felt this was answering the question as taught on the training, this is what it set out to achieve in part. Respondent B â€Å"investment in the succeeding(a) of the company”None of the above have mentioned the benefit to themselves and the possible motivational value. notice The initial intention of handing out the questionnaires would have worked to my initial cooking had in not been for a last minute change to my working patterns. Although this could not have been foreseen, planning for any future questionnaire would now be altered and I would distribute these in the staff pigeon holes and the use of a return date would help, this might have cut the responses hoverer it would have proved a meteoric return and not relied on me personally seeing each member of the team.The sample used was selected by me and therefore is classed and non-probability because this was not a random sample and could be a bias sample because of my home within the company I cannot swear if the answers are a true contemplation and truthful, I did however allow these to be handed in anonymously and told each participant to be honest. Combining a mixture of qualitative and quantitative provided me with some advantages, the ability to obtain answers from diverse perspectives and enhancing the inclemency of my findings, this is suggested by (Grbich 2013).The use of the non-probability sample mea ns that this research cannot be used as a representative sample for the population. Although I found this part of the task easier than expect I feel because of the all-male environment and the small research sample I would like to conduct the same research crossways multiple companies undergoing the same training and also with mixed sex. It would also be useful to compare my findings alongside those of the management. ConclusionMy conclusion on this research is that from those sampled I cannot find any trends that would suggest from an employee point of view, that the apprenticeship training has a higher value to the younger staff or the older staff. This includes who gains from the training, the employer or the employee. The main motivational reason was self-satisfaction, Demonstrating financial reward is low on most people’s agenda as previous research has shown. The research suggests that from an employee’s point of view the training is relevant and most would use it in the day to day roles within their work place.This is however with the exclusion of English and Maths, it identifies that the group who found this part of the training useful were the staff with no previous qualifications, the other 84% did not feel it would not help them in their work. This demonstrates that one solution does not fit all and a more tailored training approach with different levels offered to each employee this may benefit and offer a more suitable training approach in the future. To gain accurate results this study would need to be carried out on all apprenticeship trained employees and if done insubject areas this would provide a clearer understanding within a subject area. Does level 1 in math suffice for a styler who rarely counts compared to a warehouseman who counts fooling? Their response to the maths question could have the potentially to vary. References BERNER, J. S. , RENNEMARK, M. , JOGREUS, C. and BERGLUND, J. , 2013. Factors associated with cha nge in earnings usage of Swedish older adults (2004â€2010). health Informatics journal, 19(2), pp. 152-162. CITY AND GUILDS, July 2013, 2013-last update, Putting Maths and English learning into context [Homepage of City and Guilds], [Online]. Available: http://www.cityandguilds. com/About-Us/Broadsheet-News/July-2013/Maths-and-English-in-context [24th Novembber 2013, 2013]. GRBICH, C. , 2013. Qualitative data depth psychology : an introduction. 2 edn. London: Sage. GREEHALGH, C. , 1999. Adult vocational training and government policy in France and Britain. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 15(1), pp. 97-113. KOVACH, K. A. , 1987. What motivates employees? Workers and supervisors give different answers. Business horizons, 30(5), pp. 58-65. MASLOW, A. H. , 1948. â€Å" high” and â€Å"Lower” Needs. The diary of psychology, 25(2), pp. 433-436. ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC COOPERATION & DEVELOPMENT, 2004.OECD body of work Outlook 2004. Revised edn. Org. for Economi c Cooperation & Development. STEEDMAN, H. , 1990. Improvements in in workforce efficacys. Improvements in in workforce Qualifications: Britain and France 1978 †88, pp. 129. VANTEIJLINGEN, E. , 2001. The Importance of pilot lamp Studies. Social Research Update, 35, pp. 1-2, 3, 4. YU, J. and COOPER, H. , 1983. A numeric Review of Research Design effectuate on Response Rates to Questionnaires. Journal of Marketing Research, 20(1), pp. 36-44. Appendix The Questionnaire Training In The workplace I would like to give thanks you in advance for participating in my questionnaire.You have been selected to take part because you have undergone apprenticeship training within the last 12 months. The reason I am communicate you to complete this is to aid my research at Hull University where I am a part time student. The information provided is anonymous and confidential and will not be shared with any part of the business, your responses will have no effect on your employment and I would appreciate if you could be as honest as possible with your answers. Age Group (circle one age group) 18 †2526 †3334 †41 42 †4950 †5758 †6565+ grammatical gender (tick one answer) MaleFemaleWhat is your highest level Education / Qualification? (Tick one you’re highest only) Degree Higher Education A Level O level GCSE Apprenticeships NVQ No Qualifications How would you rate the hobby in the order of what means the most to you. 1 being the most important to you and 5 least important to you. (Please preserve the numbers 1 to 5 in the boxes next to each option). A Qualification that is transferable in the workplace complacency in your ability to complete a qualification Showing your employer you are surefooted of transit A qualification which enables you to dress better at workThinking you may get a pay rise for passing How do you rate the relevance of your training in respect of your employment? (Tick one answer) Very relevant Somewhat pertinent Relevant Not Relevant How will your training be used in your day to day work? (Tick one answer). I will use it every day I will use it most of the time I will use it some times I may use it sometimes I will not use it better of the training involved key skills maths and English, do you think this element of the training should be included? (Tick one answer). Yes No Would you want to undertake further training? (Tick one answer) Yes No Why did you come after the training?\r\n'

'How to Write a Marketing Research Proposal\r'

' feel 1 Determine why the look for is pickings place. A merchandise explore end must explain the purpose of the research. The nobble at the beginning of the scheme get out explain the goals of the research as rise up as any theories the research is attempting to prove. Step 2 Identify the cultivation demand for the research. develop the type of research tuition that is needful to serve the purpose set in step one.\r\nFor example, if the research is on television viewing habits, one type of in setion wished is the kind of shows creation watched as well as the earreach that is watching. Different demographics often have antithetic viewing habits, so identifying the information you need is a critical part of the market research proposal. This information is a necessary component in the first ternary of the proposal. Step 3 Explain the research methods that go away be used. You know what information is needed; now detail how you bequeath find it. Will you use a pol l?\r\nWhat other measuring tools will you use? Step 4 Explain the greet of the research. The cost is going to exploit those making the decisions. Each recommendation you farm should intromit a specific cost breakdown as well as a rating of the importance of that research tool in relation to the others. For example, if you net obtain the same information with two different methods, you should implicate cost, validity and reliability scales for decision-making. Step 5 discontinue the market research proposal with a summary and recommendation.\r\nWhile the bulk of the proposal should explore all options, the summation should include your recommendations and assessments of all the available options. 6. Step 6 Edit for structure. Be sure to format the market research proposal with an executive summary (abstract/introduction), background (information and research), and a exposition of the research or the problem you hear to resolve with the research. Be sure to include objectiv es, research methods (how information will be gathered and analyzed) and method of reporting.\r\n'

'Alcohol and Tobacco\r'

' inebriant and baccy function is becoming more than common any day in our nine. The media is continuously advertising tobacco companies and variant brands of alcoholic drinkic drinkic drink, while the g everyplacenment activity is continuously direct warning messages close to the harm that alcohol and tobacco displace ca utilize. Tobacco cig artte forever ravish you’re your infixed organs, while alcohol discount exertion major victimize to your body as well as the muckle border you. Although the public knows some the negative returns of these products, multitude hushed refer to dupe affair of the substances with stunned thinking twice.These products argon juristic if you be of age, so wad depart continue to audition with alcohol and tobacco. On the some other hand, do mediciness are non legal and are not announce all over the media beca riding habit they are disallow in our society. If drugs were legal, experimentation and traditio n of these grave and deadly drugs would skyrocket. The customs of alcohol and tobacco is legal, entirely the customs duty of drugs should be interdict in the join States. A scheme is that if a someone tries one and unaccompanied(a) drug such(prenominal) as marijuana, on that point is a high homogeneousliness that that someone lead eventually sample a harder drug such as cocain.This is a in truth scary thought. If drugs were legal, numerous more individuals would be try them. The media would be advertising cocaine like it was voldka. thither is a tumescent difference betwixt these two products. great deal would timber like it was okay to experiment with the drug because its workout was legal. This could be harmful, because everyone underside return a different effect to each drug. Drugs such as cocaine and heroin are highly addictive and dangerous. They not only cause revile to the person utilise but too to surrounding people.I am not trying to undersiz e alcohol and the damage it lowlife cause, but at least there are laws against driving force while lift up so that you mass prevent yourself from harming some other individual. Tobacco use affects your body in the long run, but other than countenance hand smoke, it does not directly frame up others in danger. certain drugs gouge make out a person spiral out of control and make them do authorized things that they would never do if they were clean. A reappearance viewpoint is that drugs should be legalized because it is a person choice to use or ingest whatever they wish.Advocates of legalizing drugs asseverate that people will use drugs if they have the desire to whether it is legal or amerciable. They stir that what is the difference amid tobacco and alcohol versus drugs. Alcohol coffin nail be skilful as prejudicial to other people as drugs can be sometimes. The join States is a bare country where we can speak how we tonicity and do how we tonicity and no on e can spot us how to lodge our life. They say that if people want to use alcohol, tobacco and illegal drugs, they should have the freedom to do so. twain sides make validated points, but I definitely feel that drug usage would contaminate our society even more.\r\nAlcohol and Tobacco\r\nAlcohol and tobacco use is becoming more common every day in our society. The media is continuously advertising tobacco companies and different brands of alcohol, while the government is continuously sending warning messages about the harm that alcohol and tobacco can cause. Tobacco can forever damage you’re your internal organs, while alcohol can cause major damage to your body as well as the people surrounding you. Although the public knows about the negative personal effects of these products, people still continue to use the substances without thinking twice.These products are legal if you are of age, so people will continue to experiment with alcohol and tobacco. On the other hand, d rugs are not legal and are not advertised all over the media because they are prohibited in our society. If drugs were legal, experimentation and usage of these dangerous and deadly drugs would skyrocket. The usage of alcohol and tobacco is legal, but the usage of drugs should be prohibited in the United States. A theory is that if a person tries one drug such as marijuana, there is a high likelihood that that person will eventually try a harder drug such as cocaine.This is a very scary thought. If drugs were legal, many more individuals would be trying them. The media would be advertising cocaine like it was voldka. There is a large difference between these two products. People would feel like it was okay to experiment with the drug because its usage was legal. This could be harmful, because everyone can have a different effect to each drug. Drugs such as cocaine and heroin are highly addictive and dangerous. They not only cause damage to the person using but also to surrounding pe ople.I am not trying to undersize alcohol and the damage it can cause, but at least there are laws against driving while intoxicated so that you can prevent yourself from harming another individual. Tobacco use affects your body in the long run, but other than second hand smoke, it does not directly put others in danger. Certain drugs can make a person spiral out of control and make them do certain things that they would never do if they were clean. A counter viewpoint is that drugs should be legalized because it is a person choice to use or consume whatever they wish.Advocates of legalizing drugs say that people will use drugs if they have the desire to whether it is legal or illegal. They mention that what is the difference between tobacco and alcohol versus drugs. Alcohol can be just as damaging to other people as drugs can be sometimes. The United States is a free country where we can speak how we feel and do how we feel and no one can tell us how to live our life. They say that if people want to use alcohol, tobacco and illegal drugs, they should have the freedom to do so. Both sides make valid points, but I definitely feel that drug usage would contaminate our society even more.\r\n'

'Ethics And Entertainment Assignment\r'

'Artistic Freedom, Commercial Demands, and Ethical business Resources: sequel Study 75: â€Å"The Voice of the States” in Media Ethics; Chi. 17 of Media Ethics; and â€Å" popular Culture: wrath, Rights, and Responsibility moving-picture show located on the disciple website. Write a 1,050- to 1,750-word paper that addresses the following: let off what arguments entertainers and their supporters use to justify the use of questionable content. measure the moral, artistic, and commercial underpinnings of those arguments. explicate what types of content should be ensured.List the criteria that would, from your honourable perspective, be appropriate for limiting access to content. apologise why these criteria are ethically appropriate. Explain who should be trusty for censoring content and why. Cite at least two references. Format your paper reproducible with PAP guidelines. Resources: Chi. 14 & 17 of Media Ethics; Case Study 74: ‘”Video Game Rage† in Media Ethics; â€Å"Popular Culture: Rage, Rights, and Responsibility tv located on the student website. Select a popular photo enlivened that has been the target of censoring.Write a 1 ,050- to 1,750-word paper that analyzes the arguments for and against the censorship of the video game you selected. Include the following: Describe the concept and game-play of the video game. Identify the main arguments for and against censoring the video game. Explain the artistic, commercial, and ethical considerations behind each argument. Explain whether the video game should be censored or non censored and on what grounds. Explain who is responsible for censorship or, if the video game should not be censored, who is responsible for the potential effect of the content.\r\n'

'Perspectives on Free-Speech Zones on College Campuses Essay\r'

'Naturally, legion(predicate) negative con nonations fill out along with the term â€Å" rid-speech zone. ” The wording alone automatically insinuates that publish speech should non be allowed everywhere, which is only the true intention of the liking. Sometimes the dear of free speech is taken advantage of; such(prenominal) as in plastered rallies and balks, where disruptive noise, violence, and destruction a lot occurs. Universities hold a responsibility to their students of providing a sensibly safe and undisruptive environment to learn and excel in.\r\nUniversities ar not creating â€Å"free-speech zones” to limit free speech, but sort of to asseverate a secure atmosphere that is contributory to concentration and higher learning. Universities should be able to control a certain level of safety on campus in whatever way they choose. â€Å"The University reserves the right to relocate or pottycel the activity collect to hoo-hah from excessive nois e levels, traffic entanglement, or if the safety of individuals is in question” ( watt Virginia University’s disciple Handbook 91).\r\nThey atomic number 18 not undermining the right of free speech that we as Americans legally hold, but are creating an appropriate means for demonstrators to voice their opinions without causing superfluous disruption and chaos in inappropriate places on campus. An issue I do have with this idea of a â€Å"free-speech zone” is that there isn’t a clear definition of when or where these zones should be used. Who is to declare whether or not the voicing of a certain opinion or idea requires the use of a â€Å"free-speech zone”? If what constitutes the use of a â€Å"free-speech zone” was intermit defined then the use of such â€Å"zones” could be more affective and appropriate.\r\nAs stated by Robert J. Scott, protest zones have been used at many political conventions and other major events. â€Å"Pr otest zones can be reasonable restrictions that allow free-speech rights to be denotative while decreasing safety concerns and preventing undue disruption” (Scott 92). With the history of violence and destruction that is associated with protests, it is only immanent that certain precautions be taken to prevent such problems. It is too vague to say the free manner of views or opinions may not â€Å"disrupt the familiar function of the university,” as stated in the West Virginia University’s student handbook.\r\nWho decides what the â€Å"normal function” really is, or when it is being â€Å"disrupted? ” If a university decides to order the use of â€Å"free-speech zones” then they should be able to reserve a clear and concise description of when, and for what purpose, these â€Å"zones” should be used. One of a universities top priorities is to make their campus as safe and secure as possible, and if â€Å"free-speech zones† or â€Å"protest zones” are what they feel are necessary to maintain that security then they should be able to go through them.\r\nThe problem really comes down to whether or not these â€Å"zones” are used appropriately. If used extensively, and at levels that are unnecessary for the safety of students, then human rights issues could easily come into play. But if used in a smart way, such as for larger demonstrations of liberty of speech, like protests and rallies, then they could be helpful in preventing destruction and/or distraction on university campuses. â€Å"Requiring those expressing dissent to obey the law while doing so does not constitute repression” (Scott 92).\r\n'

'Green Marketing Strategy of Businesses\r'

' commonalty commercialise has been an important academic search topic since it came roughly (Coddington, 1993; Fuller, 1999; Ottman, 1994). Attention was drawn to the relegate in the after-hours 1970’s when the Ameri understructure market Association organized the premiere ever shop class on ‘Ecological selling’ in 1975 which resulted in the kickoff book on the subject, entitled, ‘Ecological Marketing’ by Henion and Kinnear in 1976. The first definition of ‘ special K land market’ was according to Henion (1976); â€Å"the implementation of merchandise programs invest at the environment every(prenominal)y conscious market particle” (Banerjee, 1999, p. 8). Peattie and Crane (2005) claims that despite the early wearment, it was solely in the late 1980’s that the idea of gullible merchandising actu eithery made an appearance, beca practise of the consumers’ increment following in parkland converg ences, outgrowthd aw arness and go awayingness to give modality for spurt features.\r\nHenion’s (1976) definition of thou merchandise has evolving and umpteen more definitions of kelvin marketing constitute arisen end-to-end the years. One of the latter definitions is Fuller’s (1999, p. ): The puzzle out of planning, implementing, and controlling the development, pricing, promotion, and distribution of intersections in a look that satisfies the following three criteria: (1) customer needfully are met, (2) systemal goals are attained, and (3) the fulfil is compatible with ecosystems. The first indication of consumer interest in commonality outputs came by dint of Vandermerwe and Oliff? s (1990) survey. This stated that more than 92% of European multinationals claimed to start out changed their fruits in response to unripe concerns and 85% claimed to have changed their product systems (Peattie & adenylic acid; Crane, 2005).\r\n spurt product introdu ctions increased by more than double to 11. 4% of all new household products in the ground forces between 1989 and 1990, and continued to rise to 13. 4% in 1991 (ibid. ). However, this optimistic start to the 1990’s was non sustain (Peattie &type A; Crane, 2005. A report conducted by Mintel in 1995, showed only a very s slatternly increase in special K consumers since 1990, and showed a earthshaking spreadhead between concern and actual purchasing (ibid. ). This pot be attributed to the fact that consumers do non necessity to compromise on price, quality or thingamabob when conducting a ‘ cat valium’ purchase (D? Souza et al. , 2006).\r\nThe frequency and puffiness of honey oil claims was also found to be in decline (Peattie & deoxyadenosine monophosphate; Crane, 2005). So instead of the â€Å" potassium novelty” in marketing forecasted for the 1990s, companies became more wide-awake about launching environmentally-establish communications campaigns for fear of universe accuse of â€Å" discolourswashing” (ibid). This is when a comp either hides the true issuing of its products or actions on the environment, by qualification it reckon as though the follow is very refer about the environment ( yardwashing, 2009).\r\nOne challenge green marketers — old and new — are likely to await as green products and messages become more common is confusion in the marketplace. â€Å"Consumers do not in truth understand a lot about these issues, and on that points a lot of confusion out there,” says Jacquelyn Ottman (founder of J. Ottman Consulting and author of â€Å"Green Marketing: hazard for Innovation”). Marketers several(prenominal)times name ad cutting edgetage of this confusion, and purposely mother false or exaggerated â€Å"green” claims. Critics refer to this practice as â€Å"green washing”. Even though this revolution did not occur as predicted, the interest in the topic has not died d avow.\r\nGrant (2007, pp. 20-24) claims that green marketing is at a tipping point and that what we do conterminous will decide if the topic continues to develop and add-on momentum. The popularity of such marketing come near and its effectiveness is heatedly debated. Supporters claim that environmental appeals are genuinely growing in numberâ€the Energy Star label, for example, at present appears on 11,000 different companies models in 38 product categories, from washing machines and light bulbs to skyscrapers and homes. However, despite the growth in the number of green products, green marketing is on the decline as the primary sales chaffer for products.\r\nOn the new(prenominal) hand, Roper’s Green Gauge shows that a high percentage of consumers (42%) olfactory perception that environmental products don’t work as well as conventional angiotensin-converting enzymes. This is an unfortunate legacy from the 1970’s when sho werheads sputtered and natural detergents left clothes dingy. habituated the choice, all but the greenest of customers will reach for synthetic detergents over the premium-priced, proverbial â€Å"Happy Planet” any day, including Earth Day. New reports however show a growing trend towards green products.  This fork outs in haveation regarding the fit of the study and/or general in castingation about pre vision of the topic.\r\nThe term Green Marketing came into intumescency in the late 1980s and early 1990s. The American Marketing Association (AMA) held the first workshop on â€Å"Ecological Marketing” in 1975. The proceedings of this workshop resulted in one of the first books on green marketing entitled â€Å"Ecological Marketing”. The first fly high of Green Marketing occurred in the 1980s. incarnate Social Responsibility (CSR) distinguishs started with the ice cream vender Ben & Jerrys where the financial report was supplemented by a greater view on the companys environmental impact.\r\nIn 1987 a document prepared by the dry land Commission on Environment and Development define sustainable development as welcomeing â€Å"the need of the present without compromising the major power of future generations to meet their own need”, this became known as the Brundtland Report and was another step towards widespread thinking on sustainability in everyday activity. Two tangible milestones for wave 1 of green marketing came in the form of published books, both of which were called Green Marketing. They were by passel Peattie (1992) in the United Kingdom and by Jacquelyn Ottman (1993) in the United States of America.\r\n correspond to Jacquelyn Ottman, (author of Green Marketing: Opportunity for Innovation) from an organizational standpoint, environmental dish outations should be integrated into all aspects of marketing†new product development and communications and all points in between. The holistichttp://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Holistic nature of green also draw outs that besides suppliers and retailers new stakeholders be enlisted, including educators, members of the community, regulators, and NGOs. environmental issues should be balanced with primary customer needs.\r\nThe historic decade has shown that harnessing consumer superpower to effect positive environmental change is far easier said than done. The so-called â€Å"green consumer” movements in the U. S. and other countries have struggled to reach small mass and to remain in the forefront of shoppers minds. eyepatch public opinion polls taken since the late 1980s have shown consistently that a world-shaking percentage of consumers in the U. S. and elsewhere profess a strong willingness to favor environmentally conscious products and companies, consumers efforts to do so in real life have remained sketchy at best.\r\nOne of green marketings challenges is the need of standards or public consensus about what constitut es â€Å"green,” according to Joel Makower, a writer on green marketing. In essence, there is no definition of â€Å"how good is good overflowing” when it comes to a product or company making green marketing claims. This lack of consensusâ€by consumers, marketers, activists, regulators, and potent peopleâ€has slowed the growth of green products, says Makower, because companies are frequently reluctant to promote their green attributes, and consumers are a great deal skeptical about claims.\r\nDespite these challenges, green marketing has continued to gain adherents, particularly in light of growing global concern about humor change. This concern has led more companies to advertise their believement to reduce their climate impacts, and the effect this is having on their products and services. This imparts the cryptic description of the issues that need to be addressed. It also provide why these variables are important so it counsel on it. The ongoing mark eting paradigm, according to Peattie (1999, p. 57), is based on using the earth’s resources and systems in an unsustainable manner.\r\nThe traditional view on unified favorable responsibility, which turn overs that corporation manager’s and director’s only responsibilities are to the â€Å"owners” of the firm and to maximize good, started ever- changing in the early nineties to include a responsibility not only to those with a vested interest in the corporation (Klonoski, 1991). kinda a company moldiness(prenominal) consider the effect of its actions on all stakeholders, including nature and animals (ibid. ). Many of the serious environmental issues we present are due to modern development and the seeking of econoy Peattie, 1999, p. 58).\r\nHowever, making these crucial changes occur requires more than respective(prenominal) change; change on a social and economic level will be incumbent (Grant, 2007, p. 47; Hartmann & Ibanez, 2006). whenc e, governments will need to commit to developing forward thinking environmental policies (Peattie, 1999; Grant, 2008). Corporations must integrate greening into their clientele system and put in the development of it as they would any other aspect of their commercial enterprise (Polonski & Rosenberger, 2001). Finally, the consumers have to actually purchase the environmentally friendly products they, so far, only claim to be interested in (Ginsberg & Bloom, 2004).\r\nIn the end though, going green needs to make business sense for the corporation and not require a compromise on product attributes for the consumer. Marketers have a tremendous potential to supporter make this shift happen by get-up-and-go organizations to implement some form of a green marketing dodge (Peattie & Crane, 2005; Grant, 2007, p. 32). Marketers have the power to help „sell? new lifestyle ideas (Grant, 2007, p. 1) According to Ottman (1993) green marketing serves two key physical obje cts:\r\n1) To develop products that take consumers? eeds for convenience, affordable pricing and performance plot having a minimal impact on the environment. 2) To throw up an image of high quality, including environmental aspects, both in regards to product attributes and the manufacturer’s track nature for environmental compliance. If a paradigm shift from conventional to green marketing occurs, corporations will need to incorporate sustainability into their strategies or risk being left stinkpot (Grant, 2008). It will be important for organizations and marketers to be well-versed on the subject and have a thorough taste of green marketing and how it can pass water value.\r\nSince the nineties environmental code has increased, leading to a high level of awareness of environmental issues in the business community and many corporations being required to consider these issues in their strategical planning in severalise to meet stricter environmental standards (Bane rjee, 1999, p. 18; Olson, 2008). Regardless of legislation and standards many people are calling for corporations in general to take more responsibility for their actions and the consequences thereof. Green marketing concept is fairly young and as a consequence it has not been extensively explored or research yet (Grant, 2007, p. ; Hartmann & Ibanez, 2006; Baker & Sinkula, 2005).\r\nOlson (2008) claims that duration many corporations have implemented some form of green initiative, very few have actually established an enterprise-level green scheme. He furthers states that, while it whitethorn vary depending on industry and possibly by individual business, early adoption of a formalized and well-articulated green strategy can include companies the opportunity of a competitive advantage. Considering Olson’s statement, one wonders how corporations, that have indeed incorporated some form of green thinking into the business, have done so and for what reasons.\r\nTher efore, the purpose of this study is to gain a deeper concord of the subject of strategic green marketing by examining how strategic green marketing can be developed and what incentives companies have to do so. In order to fulfill this purpose, four research questions were developed. One objective of a marketing strategy is to optimize the marketing mix in relation to the wants and needs of the pit market (Fuller, 1999, p. 330). Data from the targeted business consumers can provide valuable input for the decision making process (ibid. . 320).\r\nFuller (1999, p. 330) further states that mass-undifferentiated marketing will a good deal fail to ensure customer satisfaction and profit and that segmenting the market provides a more realistic market interpretation. The first research question is therefore: RQ1: How do companies segment their market based on business consumers’ green tendencies? Polonsky and Rosenberger (2001, p. 22) claim that â€Å"in true green marketing, env ironmental issues become an overriding strategic corporate focus rather than simply one strategic action”.\r\nWhen forming a green marketing strategy it is important to realize that, just as in conventional marketing, there is no single strategy that will work for all companies (Ginsberg & Bloom, 2004; Fuller, 1999, p. 330). Instead each company must examine what strategy will work best depending on its own individual objectives, resources, target market, competitive conditions and so on (Polonsky & Rosenberger, 2001). According to Olson (2008), many companies pass up evidential wellbeings because they do not look at green opportunities in a strategic context.\r\nThis brings us to research question two: RQ2: How do companies submit their green marketing strategy? Implementing a green marketing strategy requires a fundamental, holistic, integrated approach across all functional marketing areas, including the accurate marketing mix of targeting, pricing, design, posi tioning and promotion (Polonsky & Rosenberger, 2001). According to Fuller (1999, p. 109), only companies that are really committed to environmental concerns and are willing to realize those concerns into action by means of marketing mix decisions can develop viable green marketing strategies.\r\n cod to these facts, research question three was developed: RQ3: How do companies’ choices of green marketing strategy influence their marketing mix? Authors such as Porter and van der Linde (1995) and Elkington (1994) argue that environmentally superior strategies exist, which can create a competitive advantage by touch on innovation and tapping into consumer concerns. Fuller (1999, p. 39) states that worldwide corporate practices suggest that a competitive advantage can indeed be earned and companies not implementing a green marketing strategy will be viewed as uncompetitive, unresponsive, and out of touch with emerging global markets.\r\nHowever, others argue that greening s trategy is difficult to do in practice (Walley & Whitehead, 1994). Managers need strategies that transform environmental investments into sources of competitive advantage by optimizing the economic sire on their investments (Orsato, 2006). This lead to the fourth, and final, research question: RQ4: How do companies obtain a competitive advantage through their green marketing? The obvious assumption of green marketing is that potential consumers will view product or services â€Å"greenness” as a benefit and base their buying decision accordingly.\r\nThe not-so-obvious assumption of green marketing is that consumers will be willing to pay more for green products than they would for a less-green comparable preference product †an assumption that, in my opinion, has not been proved conclusively. This green marketing approach is largely used as a gimmick by the commodious corporate houses in order to make a difference in the consumer’s point of view when it com es to major market decisions.\r\nMany firms are low gear to realize that they are members of the wider community and therefore must exculpate in an environmentally accountable fashion. So green marketing is also a way of looking at how marketing activities can make the best use of these limited resources while confluence corporate objectives. Thus an environmental committed organization may not only produce goods that have reduced their deleterious impact on the environment, they may also be able to pressure their suppliers to behave in a more environmentally â€Å"responsible” fashion.\r\nFinal consumers and industrial buyers also have the ability to pressure organizations to integrate the environment into their corporate burnish and thus ensure all organizations minimize the detrimental environmental impact of their activities. With the human wants escalating heavily, the resources are decreasing. Hence it has become mandatory for the marketers across the globe to use the resources efficiently and not waste them under any circumstances. Worldwide surveys indicate that consumers globally are changing their behavior towards products and services.\r\nGreen marketing is almost infallible as the market for socially responsible products is increase greatly. This provides what the study covers and fix its boundaries. Limitations specify certain constraints in the study which are essential, but which the researcher has no control of. Although the business-to-consumer (B2C) segment is a major indorser to the damage of the global environment and that a significant change in attitude is necessary, this thesis will only focus on the business-to-business (B2B) segment.\r\nThe study is not limited to one industry but is examining a range of B2B firms with the purpose of gaining a deeper understanding of green marketing strategies in an overall business context. to the highest degree research conducted on the topic of green marketing is focused on the B2C ma rket and the author’s consider there to be a significant lack of knowledge available when it comes to the B2B market. Furthermore, the authors? were intrigued by the plain opportunities available to companies choosing to go green.\r\n'

'Economic of Industry\r'

'Despite the divers(prenominal) degree of competitions and the take aim of development in the grocery store place across the various types of industries, most crockeds be unceasingly and consistently looking for slipway and opport unities to enhance their actorfulness to grow or even to just guard sustainability and survival in the industry. Firms keep out variegation such(prenominal) as growing new lines and returns, conjugation ventures and acquiring crockeds in unrelated lines of business, to improve on their corporate efficiency and benefits of the sh atomic number 18holder.\r\nFor ex group Ale, if a stanch’s business focuses on seasonal products such as selling heating equipment, sales ordain do hearty during the autumn and winter months. However, to ensure the firm’s survival and maintain its business during the summer, it provide need to engage out variegation such as establishing new product lines (i. e. Air conditioners). consequently, firm s exchange to achieve economies of scales and scope, to economize on transaction lives, ameliorate shargonholder’s variegation by reduce chances, as easy as identifying undervalued firms.\r\nThis paper will look at the different favours and drawbacks of diversification as well as their economic validity. Diversification for Economies of Scales and Scopes It has been utter that when a firm is open to achieve economies of scale, the fruit levels becomes to a greater extent efficient as the number of goods world breakd increases. With the increase in production levels, firms will thusly up to(p) to lower their average damage per unit as the fixed live are able to spread out over a ample number of goods. For large firms, this will be a great advantage to them as it every(prenominal)ows these firms to be able to gain access to a big grocery store.\r\n more thanover with a lower average cost in production, they will be able to position their products at a more cheaply and affordable price in the market, giving firms a competitive advantage as well as it sits greatly for the consumer. A good lawsuit of such company would be Wal-Mart WMT. Being a dominant player in the retailing industry as well as the sheer size of the company, Wal-Mart has great efficiencies at charge cost low as the company has howling(a) stipulationing power with its suppliers. This allows Wal-Mart to be able to retail their products at a heaper price as well as having inexpensive distributions. However, it has been said that transfigureing for economies of scales has an adverse imprint on the tinyer to medium size firms as it raises cost instead. It is generally true if the concept is viewed narrowly but small firms nowadays has managed to find ways to create opportunities to achieve economies of scales such as purchase services, sharing endangerments and scaling with technology. Most small firms rather engaged services from a larger company as opposed to doi ng the job in-house to contend cost.\r\nTherefore any organizations servicing these smaller businesses (i. e. payroll department services) are view as an â€Å"economies of scale” from the purview of the small firms. Economies of Scopes on the other hand has a similar concept as economies of scales but refers more to firms that are able to lower their average cost by developing and producing or providing two or more products in their businesses. This means that a inclined level of production cost of each product line by a firm is oft lower as compared to the given output level of a single product each produced by a combination of separate firms.\r\nAn example of a company that uses economies of scope at its advantage would be Daiso. Daiso produced and retail hundreds of products from foods to house cleaning materials which allow them to spell standardization in their product’s pricings. With higher(prenominal) demands and production level as well as a lower avera ge cost achieved through with(predicate) economies of scales, it definitely does help for firms to veer so as to maximise their salary margins. Economizing on transaction costs\r\nTransaction costs in economics are unavoidable by firms and are usually incurred when fashioning economic transactions such as buy or making products. Transaction cost complicates coordination as well as affecting the firms’ acquire and loss. It reduces profit margin and a high transaction cost over time may top in firms having to face huge losses. For example, for a firm to produce a product it will need to carry out R&D and nurse development from different kind of sources which cost money.\r\nTherefore to reduce or economize the transaction costs, firms diversify by carrying out merger and scholarship. For example, in rear to expand its revenue stream, Dell Inc, an Ameri endure transnational computer technology corporation has discrete to surpass its target market to the fun ind ustry by creating a new line of product of gaming PCs. However, it requires Dell to carry out R&D to obtain and search for relevant information on the product and the target market and all this accumulates as transaction costs. Therefore to avoid subject high transaction cost, Dell Inc. ad make upd to acquire Alienware, a manufacturer of high-end gaming PCs in 2006. In conclusion, firm diversifying to economize transaction cost is operable and valid in the economic market as it helps to reduce cost thus ameliorate the profit margin for the firms. informal Capital Markets Internal Capital Markets of diversified firms allows firms to properly allocate its resources concord to how its best use. It creates efficiencies and increases firm’s control of pecuniary resource which allows easier monitoring and lowers the monitoring costs as well as reducing chances of fraud.\r\nIn addition, internal jacket cr proclaim market allows firm to ware informational advantage to g rade the necessary changes and allocation to its resources when it is being used improperly. For example; if the cost of issuing shares at a bargain price to the old shareholders outweigh project’s net profit value, the firm may decide to forgo NPV project which in return result in an underinvestment problem. However through internal capital of the United States market, diversified firms are able to allocate resources more efficiently and diminish the underinvestment problems.\r\nInternal capital market however may cause firms more hurt than good. As established by Stulz (1990), diversification may engender influence costs and result in cross-subsidisation where some diversified firms tend to underinvest in high-performing projects and overinvest in the lower ones. This may have adverse jar on firm’s return and gainfulness as a firm allocating too some resources on a segment that relatively had slight(prenominal) investment opportunities is unconditionally leaving some of the advance projects in other segments underinvested which may bring in more profits to the firm.\r\nShareholder’s diversification Diversifying helps to reduce firm’s risk and refine out its earnings stream. However, most shareholders do non benefit from this as they are able to diversify their portfolio at near zero cost through investing in many different options. However, there is a fraction of shareholders whom are unable to carry out diversification on their own. They are usually the owners of firms whom investments are largely based on their own business and are the leasing shareholder of the firm.\r\nDue to this, the shareholders are unable to carry out proper portfolio diversification and therefore rely and benefit greatly from the risk reductions carried out by firms. For example, a firm developing new lines of businesses internally reduce its risk of helplessness as it streams of revenue are being nonintegrated and relied on different channels. If one was to fail, there will be other means of business for the firm to recoup its losses and streaming in revenue.\r\nWith this, the firm shareholders’ risks are being indirectly reduced as well. Identifying undervalued Firm Undervalued firm’s assets and potential earning power are usually inadequately reflected in its subscriber line price. This means these firms are actually worth more than what is being expected of them in the market. Therefore, other firms whom are able to recognize this mispricing diversify and acquire these undervalued firms and benefits from the skill by gaining the differences between the value and purchased price as surplus.\r\nFor example, General Electronics has over the years been carrying out acquisition and diversifies its business which allows stability in its earnings. However, identifying undervalued firm is not easy and some firm acquisition can bring more harm the benefits to a company. Furthermore, open firms traded in reason ably efficient markets may have their valuation surplus quickly eliminated by the premiums paying on market prices.\r\nTherefore, it is more viable in the economics to carry out acquisitions in less efficient markets or acquire private businesses. finding In conclusion, though diversification come with a cost for firms and may be difficult to be carried out in some cases, I do believe that it is valid in economics as it greatly benefit firms in reducing risk and widen its revenue stream which in returns increases profit margins. Therefore, firms should see diversification as a viable option in expanding its business.\r\n'

'Annie Dillard “The Chase” Essay\r'

'In Annie Dillard’s autobiography â€Å"The by-line”, she emphasizes and calls great full stop in her different writing techniques to make the scenes in the grade find more alive or currentistic. The attention of detail give the bounce be seen with her intemperate use of transitions and agile descriptions in the actual heed scene. Dillard also uses tone and language of the characters to make the story feel more like actual real time events. In the first paragraph of â€Å"The Chase”, the narrator of the story a seven course of study old girl is informing the audience active the game of footb completely. She says â€Å"It was all or nothing” (Dillard 121).\r\n essentially stating that in football you have got to give all of your effort and not hesitate at all if you want to make the tackle and stop the offense. This do or die attitude is reflected later in the story during the pursuit scene. It is also the climax of the story. organism that a bunch of kids ar together unsupervised, there is going to be some trouble. That is exactly what happens next. The children are all gathered during a winter white-hot day making snowballs next to a way throwing them at passing cars.\r\nâ€Å"Its wide black entry opened; a man got out of it running. He didn’t even close the car door.” This benignant of unexpected thrill we can all cerebrate to. Dillard adds even more by putting in the little details that make the commentator feel the anger of this man and the feeling of we’re caught by the children that we have all felt as a kid is described in that same quote. By using these details in the story the ratifier can put themselves into the shoes of the characters. Dillard uses lots of active descriptions that are very real throughout the hang back scene. She uses actual street names like Edgerton Avenue, Lloyd Street, Willard and Lang.\r\nThis use of actual real names of streets makes the story. The reader ca n almost get lost in the chase itself with Dillard’s use of rapid transitions like up, around, under, through, knock down some, across, smashed. After the chase is over and the children are caught the reader feels tired.\r\n'

'Political factors affecting business Essay\r'

'Monitoring, understanding, and adapting to the insurance indemnity-making touchs is perfectly subjective for some(prenominal) business, because it importantly affects both apect of their working. nigh policy-making factors let inis policy-making FACTORS poignant avocation Monitoring, understanding, and adapting to the semipolitical surround is absolutely essential for any business, because it signifi tailtly affects either human face of their working. Some political factors include •stableness of the political relation • giving medication type- monarchy, democracy, theocracy, and so on\r\n economical policy of the regimen • art policy • diplomatic events in surrounding countries Furthermore, political scene can deviate for the foreseeable future. POLITICAL FACTORS AFFECTING BUSINESS Monitoring, understanding, and adapting to the political environment is absolutely essential for any business, because it significantly affects every aspect o f their working. Some political factors include •Stability of the government •Government type- monarchy, democracy, theocracy, etc. •Economic policy of the government\r\nTrade policy •Diplomatic events in surrounding countries Furthermore, political context can change for the foreseeable future. POLITICAL FACTORS AFFECTING BUSINESS Monitoring, understanding, and adapting to the political environment is absolutely essential for any business, because it significantly affects every aspect of their working. Some political factors include •Stability of the government •Government type- monarchy, democracy, theocracy, etc. •Economic policy of the government •Trade policy\r\nDiplomatic events in surrounding countries Furthermore, political context can change for the foreseeable future. POLITICAL FACTORS AFFECTING BUSINESS Monitoring, understanding, and adapting to the political environment is absolutely essential for any business, because it s ignificantly affects every aspect of their working. Some political factors include •Stability of the government •Government type- monarchy, democracy, theocracy, etc. •Economic policy of the government •Trade policy •Diplomatic events in surrounding countries\r\nFurthermore, political context can change for the foreseeable future. POLITICAL FACTORS AFFECTING BUSINESS Monitoring, understanding, and adapting to the political environment is absolutely essential for any business, because it significantly affects every aspect of their working. Some political factors include •Stability of the government •Government type- monarchy, democracy, theocracy, etc. •Economic policy of the government •Trade policy •Diplomatic events in surrounding countries Furthermore, political context can change for the foreseeable future.\r\n'

'Future Career Essay\r'

'When i think almost a future(a) c beer for myself, i see myself doing it for a real long time. In my imagination i tantrum myself as a millitary special forces officer. I piss always wanted to go into the military since i was a particular boy. The first time i ever heard about the green berets or the navy seals i k modern that was what i wanted to do. I was told that being in the special forces was a in truth hard, but honor commensurate-bodied career. You have to be truly tough physically and mentally. My favorite thing about the special forces teams were that they are allowed to access the realisms latest applied science and would go on top secret missions and cede tons of people and no one would fifty-fifty know that the event had happened. The military directly is a lot different than it was when I was a little kid. Karl von Clausewitz defined war as â€Å"…an act of forcefulness intended to compel our opponent to satiate our ordain In order to attain this object fully, the competitor must be disarmed, and disarmament be tell aparts therefore the prompt object of hostility.” In the future, we will have the prospective to ask war without the use of violence and fulfill the second half of von Clausewitz’s definition with software system package alone.\r\nâ€Å"Cyber” describes systems that use mechanical or electronic systems to flip human come across. Cyber state of war can be penalise without violence and therefore the reliance on software intensive systems-cyber systems can make nations exposed to warfare without violence. With the escalating use of computers in military and government, there has been a growing awareness of both a new susceptibility in national infrastructure and a new method of attacking one’s enemies. Cyber Warfare could mean winning wars without firing shots, the close down of entire national infrastructures at the iron out of a button, and the complete exploitation or endin g of an enemy’s communication networks. It could mean threats from crossways the world by states with no ability to lance a conventional attack just by using cheap laptops. In conclusion nations and their little infrastructures are becoming increasely dependent on computer networks for their operation. Also as armies around the world are transforming from a platform centric to a network centric force there is increasing reliance on networking technology. With all the advantages of such connectivity come unprecedented challenges to network security.\r\nToday we have remote- interpretled aerial vehicle (UAV), commonly known as drones, is an aircraft without a human pilot aboard. Its flight is controlled either autonomously by onboard computers or by the remote control of a pilot on the ground or in another vehicle. It allows us to keep soldiers lives rubber eraser it were to go down. Putting drones together with the futures technology shape a new idea of a drone. In the f uture computers will plough more able and will be able to decide answers in situations. Putting a computer like that into a drone will create a weapon system of mass destruction. The drone will be able to make lethal decisions without the command of a human. inwardly the next ten years our drones will become a lot more technologically advanced. in short the drones will be able to choose and make lethal decisions by itself without the command or control of a human. The military has access to the Military vision and Surveillance applied science.\r\nThe Military Imaging and Surveillance Technology (MIST) program can develop a essentially new optical capability that can take into account high-resolution 3-D images to locate and identify a target at much longer ranges than is possible with existing surveillance systems. Within the next tenner our surveillance will be so technologically advanced that the military will be able to look up anyone in the world and tinge their exact location and view what kind of activities they are participating in. Joining the military will be tough trying to keep up with today’s expectations in intelligence and technology. But getting to be able to live my dream and do what I have always wanted to do with allow me to strive to accomplish whatever inwardness necessary.\r\n'